Evaluation of Fire Risk in Commercial Complexes of District 12 of Tehran and its Relationship with their Structural and Usage Characteristics

Introduction: Commercial complexes are one of the most prestigious public and city-centered areas in terms of urban safety and passive defense. The purpose of this study was to determine the fire safety risk score of commercial complexes and its related factors. Material and method:  The commercial complexes of area 1 of District 12 of Tehran were studied. The characteristics of the complexes, including construction, height, activity, Occupancy Coefficient and etc in each complex were collected. fire risk assessment was performed using NFPA101 standard and CFSES software in three areas of control, Egress and general safety. In SPSS software version 21, linear regression and ANOVA tests were used to determine the relationship between variables. Results: Of the 79 commercial complexes studied, only 8 in control area and 4 in general area achieved acceptable risk level. None of them achieved an acceptable score in the Egress. According to the results, there was no significant relationship between risk levels and height, type and activity Coefficient of them(p>0.05). However, between Occupancy Coefficient of complexes with fire safety risk levels of control(p<0.001) and general(p= 0.013) and between construction with all risk levels ((pEgress= 0.004), (pControl & pGeneral<0.001)) There was a significant relationship. Conclusion: The results showed the current situation of the studied commercial complexes is prone to cause a disaster in the 12th district of Tehran; Using the results of this study in urban planning and cross-sectoral communication to improve the safety of commercial complexes in the region is suggested.